Evaporation The amount of evaporated water in the surface portion dA can be expressed through the relationship: dL = kv (psat – pv) dA where kv is the evaporation function index. The following expression describes the amount of heat (QD) removed from Read More
Here is an example of systems of differentiation for water cooling at low temperature required for realizing specific production processes: cooling plastic material molds, air conditioning, etc. In some plants, cooling towers are not recommended for cooling machines. This is because these Read More
EVAPORATION OF A FLUID INTO GAS The following discussion is based on the following assumptions: (1) Inside the water there is no heat exchange; (2) The water that has decreased in volume, due to the evaporation effect, will be replenished with the Read More
UP TO WHAT TEMPERATURE CAN WATER BE COOLED The capacity of air to cool water, according to latent heat. Practical benefits. The physical states are well known: solid, liquid, gaseous. When an element goes from one physical state to another, it frees Read More
Water cooling takes place according to three phenomena: 1. CONDUCTION: (disposal of sensible heat1). The heat flows from a region with a higher temperature to a region with a lower temperature through one or more means that are in direct physical contact, Read More
COOLING WATER The concept of temperature and heat Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses the thermal state of an object. It is closely correlated to the amount of heat contained in the object itself. A hot body is characterized by the Read More
The system that allows used water that was heated during the cooling of a technological system to be cooled, thus making it again, and continuously, available to give continuity to the cooling cycles, is called “evaporative cooling tower”. Liquid refrigerant cooling is Read More
The purpose of this post is to stimulate you to share your experiences and thoughts on energy related issues. The following table and related diagrams illustrate how to assess energy in a production plant scenario served by a water cooling tower. It Read More
WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF A COOLING TOWER OPERATING AT LOW EFFICIENCY? Cooling tower detailed calculations A low efficient cooling tower brings very serious consequences. Bruno Neri The tower is part of a system designed to dispose residual waste heat from Read More
HOW TO MEASURE THE EFFICIENCY OF A COOLING TOWER In the design process of a cooling tower there is a need to have at least seven data values, or rather 7 variables. If only one of these values is changed, Read More
